EIA’s Form EIA-930 data collection provides a centralized and comprehensive source for hourly operating data about the high-voltage bulk electric power grid in the Lower 48 states. The data is collected from the electricity balancing authorities (BAs) that operate the grid. The information submitted by reporting entities is preliminary data and is made available "as-is" by EIA. Neither EIA nor reporting entities are responsible for reliance on the data for any specific use.
See all EIA-930 data reference tables
REPORTING ENTITIES
Balancing authorities, a functional role defined by the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC), are primarily responsible for balancing electricity supply, demand, and interchange on their electric system in real-time. Balancing authority acronyms used are official NERC BA codes and may not match the full name of the balancing authority due to changes in corporate ownership, mergers, or other business transactions.
See list of balancing authorities
See all EIA-930 data reference tables
DATA ELEMENTS
The EIA-930 contains the following hourly data elements:
- Demand
- Demand by sub-region (available for select BAs beginning July 1, 2018)
- Demand forecast
- Net generation
- Net generation by energy source (beginning July 1, 2018)
- Total net interchange
- Interchange with directly interconnected balancing authorities
Below are brief descriptions of the reported data elements. For more detailed discussion of the data elements, see the Data notes and Data quality sections below.
Demand & demand by sub-region
Demand is a calculated value representing the amount of electricity load within the balancing authority’s electric system. A BA derives its demand value by taking the total metered net electricity generation within its electric system and subtracting the total metered net electricity interchange occurring between the BA and its neighboring BAs. For select BAs, demand by sub-region data provides demand at a further level of geographic disaggregation (e.g., load zones, weather zones, operating company areas, local balancing authorities, etc.) within the BA’s electric system. See the Balancing authorities reporting demand by sub-region section below.
Demand forecast
Each BA produces a day-ahead electricity demand forecast for every hour of the next day. These forecasts help BAs plan for and coordinate the reliable operation of their electric system on the following day.
Net generation & net generation by energy source
Net generation represents the metered output of electric generating units in the balancing authority’s electric system. This generation only includes generating units that are managed by the balancing authority or whose operations are visible to the balancing authority. Generators on the distribution system—both large-scale resources and small-scale distributed resources, such as rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) systems—are typically not included.
Balancing authorities report generation from dual-fuel (switching from one fuel to another) and multiple-fuel (using multiple fuels simultaneously) generators under the actual energy source used, if known, and under the generator’s primary energy source, if not known. To maintain generator confidentiality, generation may sometimes be reported in the Other category if too few generators are reported for a particular energy source category.
Total interchange and interchange with directly interconnected BAs
Interchange is the net metered tie line flow from one BA to another directly interconnected BA. Total net interchange is the net sum of all interchange occurring between a BA and its directly interconnected neighboring BAs. Negative interchange values indicate net inflows, and positive interchange values indicate net outflows.
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