The challenges China is facing in energy security are briefly discussed. The development of nuclear power in China in the first half of 21st century is envisioned, and it is expected that Generation-3 Pressurized Water Reactors(PWRs) nuclear power plants (NPPs) would be the leading units of nuclear power in the coming 30 to 40 years. As part of the nuclear power program, the R&D work on nuclear fuel cycle is generally described. The non-hydro renewable resources, such as wind, solar, and biomass energies, are highly encouraged to develop, especially wind power.
However, they could not replace the fossil fuels in a large scale in the foreseeable future owing to their low energy density, intermittent supply and high cost. As a well-developed, clean energy with zero discharge of greenhouse gases (GHG), nuclear energy has been given more and more attention in China and is regarded as a significant supplement to the fossil fuels together with the hydro-power (Dams). Development of nuclear energy in China can be expected.
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