Gas hydrates form when water and natural gas combine at low temperatures and high pressures — for example, in regions of permafrost and in marine sub-seafloor sediments. They exist in abundance worldwide and some estimates suggest that the total amount of natural gas bound in hydrate form may exceed all conventional gas resources, or even the amount of all hydrocarbon energy, coal, oil and natural gas combined. Gas from gas hydrate could therefore provide a potentially vast new source of energy to offset declining supplies of conventional natural gas in North America and to provide greater energy security for countries such as Japan and India that have limited domestic sources.
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